Online Gambling is a form of gambling that involves placing bets on games of chance and skill, or random numbers generated by the computer, through a web-based platform called an online casino. To participate in online gambling, a user must have a device with internet access and money to deposit into an account. Unlike traditional casinos, online casinos can be played on any device, including computers, mobile phones, and tablets. Online gamblers must always verify that a platform is licensed and regulated to ensure that it protects personal and financial data. They also need to budget their funds and understand the rules of each game.

The aim of this article is to present a review and synthesis of current knowledge about the risk and protective factors for Online Gambling in the adult population. To achieve this, a search of the databases PubMed, PsychInfo, and Scopus was conducted using an analogous syntax: (gambling*, online, internet, interactive) AND (risk factor*, protective factor*, predictor*, correlate*). Only papers published between 2010 and 2020 were included in this study. The results show that there is a significant increase in the number of articles investigating risk and protective factors for Online Gambling as the phenomenon grows in popularity. In addition, a significant amount of research remains to be done on the topic, especially with respect to longitudinal studies and more detailed identification of variables. Also, there is a need for more representative samples and for better methodologies.